Everything you need to know about MTD

Making Tax Digital (MTD) for Income Tax is has arrived! Here is what Sole Traders need to know before April 2026.

Making Tax Digital (MTD) represents the biggest overhaul of the UK tax system in a generation. While many businesses are already familiar with MTD through VAT reporting, the next phase of the programme introduces major changes for sole traders and landlords, fundamentally transforming how income tax is reported.

From April 2026, millions of self-employed individuals will need to move away from traditional annual self-assessment and adopt digital record keeping and quarterly reporting. This article explains what’s changing, who it affects, the key dates you need to know, and how to prepare—so you stay compliant and stress-free.

What Is Making Tax Digital?

Making Tax Digital is HMRC’s long-term initiative to modernise the UK tax system. Its goals are simple:

  • Reduce errors

  • Improve efficiency

  • Make tax administration easier

  • Close the tax gap

Under MTD, taxpayers must:

  • Keep digital financial records

  • Use HMRC-approved software

  • Submit quarterly updates to HMRC

  • File a final declaration annually

This replaces the traditional annual self-assessment model where figures are reported long after the end of the tax year.

MTD for VAT: A Proven System Already in Place

For VAT-registered businesses, MTD is nothing new. Since April 2019, VAT-registered companies have been required to keep digital records and submit VAT returns using MTD-compatible software.

After initial teething problems, MTD for VAT has proven highly successful. Businesses now benefit from:

  • More accurate bookkeeping

  • Faster submissions

  • Fewer calculation errors

  • Improved cash flow visibility

This successful rollout paved the way for extending MTD to income tax for sole traders and landlords—the next major milestone in HMRC’s digital transformation.

What’s Changing for Sole Traders?

From April 2026, self-employed individuals and landlords earning above certain thresholds will be required to comply with Making Tax Digital for Income Tax Self Assessment (MTD for ITSA).

Instead of filing one annual tax return, you will now need to:

  • Keep real-time digital records

  • Send quarterly updates summarising income and expenses

  • Submit a final declaration at the end of the tax year

This change means far more frequent reporting—but also much better financial insight and fewer last-minute tax shocks.

Who Needs to Comply – Key Thresholds & Rollout Timeline

MTD for Income Tax is being introduced in stages, based on your total gross income from self-employment and property combined.

📅 Rollout Roadmap

From 6 April 2026
If your annual turnover exceeds £50,000, you must comply.

From 6 April 2027
The threshold reduces to £30,000.

From 6 April 2028
The threshold drops again to £20,000, bringing millions more sole traders into scope.

This phased rollout gives businesses time to prepare, but the window for action is already narrowing fast.

Key Dates You Must Know

Here are the most important dates for sole traders affected from April 2026:

  • 31 January 2026 – Deadline for submitting your 2024/25 Self Assessment tax return

  • 6 April 2026 – Start of mandatory digital record keeping

  • 7 August 2026 – First quarterly update deadline

  • 7 November 2026 – Second quarterly update

  • 7 February 2027 – Third quarterly update

  • 7 May 2027 – Fourth quarterly update

  • 31 January 2028 – Deadline for submitting your final digital tax declaration

Missing deadlines can result in penalty points and financial penalties, so preparation is critical.

What Does Quarterly Reporting Mean in Practice?

Quarterly updates are not tax payments—they are digital summaries of your business income and expenses sent directly from your accounting software.

Rather than scrambling once a year to gather receipts and bank statements, MTD promotes continuous bookkeeping, giving you:

  • Better cash flow forecasting

  • Real-time performance tracking

  • More accurate tax estimates

  • Fewer year-end surprises

Ultimately, this can lead to smarter business decisions and stronger financial control.

Why Preparation Matters Now

Even though April 2026 might feel a long way off, waiting until the last minute is risky.

Businesses that embraced MTD early for VAT generally experienced smoother transitions, fewer errors, and reduced compliance stress.

Early preparation allows time to:

  • Choose the right accounting software

  • Digitise your records

  • Optimise bookkeeping processes

  • Train staff or yourself

  • Resolve system issues

Procrastination, on the other hand, increases the risk of errors, penalties, and operational disruption.

Why Xero Is the Best Platform for MTD Compliance

When it comes to digital bookkeeping and MTD compliance, Xero stands out as the leading cloud accounting platform for sole traders.

Why Choose Xero?

  • Fully HMRC-approved for MTD compliance

  • Simple, intuitive interface

  • Real-time bank feeds

  • Automated transaction matching

  • Powerful reporting tools

  • Excellent mobile app

  • Seamless accountant collaboration

Xero makes digital record keeping simple, accurate, and efficient—saving time while giving you full visibility over your finances.

Whether you're a seasoned business owner or newly self-employed, Xero provides a future-proof solution that grows with your business.

How Abacus Accountancy Can Help You Prepare

Navigating MTD compliance can feel overwhelming—especially if you’re transitioning from spreadsheets, paper records, or manual bookkeeping.

That’s where Abacus Accountancy comes in.

Their expert team specialises in helping sole traders and small businesses:

  • Understand their MTD obligations

  • Implement compliant digital systems

  • Migrate bookkeeping to Xero

  • Optimise financial processes

  • Avoid costly penalties

Free MTD Compliance Audit – Act Now

To help businesses prepare, Abacus Accountancy is offering a FREE audit to assess your readiness for Making Tax Digital.

This no-obligation review will:

  • Check your current bookkeeping systems

  • Identify compliance gaps

  • Recommend improvements

  • Provide a clear roadmap to full compliance

📞 Call Abacus Accountancy today on 01376 343535

and book your FREE MTD compliance audit.

Taking action now means you’ll avoid last-minute stress, penalties, and costly mistakes when the legislation comes into force.